Infectious Disease
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Infectious Disease Updates
Lyme Disease; Pregnant Women Must Be Screened for Syphilis; Pacific Coast Tick Fever
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Cephalexin Beat Cefdinir for Treating Uncomplicated UTI in Women
Cefdinir was inferior to cephalexin in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women due to a high rate of early recurrence.
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Comprehensive Data Analysis Validates the Effectiveness and Safety of COVID-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccination
Respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective.
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COVID-19 Vaccine Receipt Was Associated with Better Clinical Outcomes in U.S. Veterans
An observational study from the Department of Veterans Affairs found that individuals who received the 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine and the influenza vaccine on the same day had fewer emergency department visits, COVID-19-associated hospitalizations, and deaths related to COVID-19 compared to a group that only received the influenza vaccine.
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Imposed Diagnostic Stewardship and Pediatric Blood Cultures
A children’s hospital developed a strategy to restrict indications for ordering blood cultures when supply chain problems led to a shortage of blood culture bottles. Evaluating outcomes, they realized that the imposed diagnostic stewardship preserved resources without harm to patients; they subsequently continued to impose restrictions on ordering blood cultures even when supplies were available.
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An Oral Vaccine Against Salmonella Paratyphi A Shows Promise
In a Phase IIb controlled human infection model study, the oral live attenuated vaccine CVD 1902 demonstrated 73% efficacy against Salmonella Paratyphi A infection, with a favorable safety profile and robust immunogenicity, supporting advancement toward field trials in endemic populations.
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Recombinant Herpes Zoster Vaccine in a Medicare Population
Receipt of adjuvanted recombinant herpes zoster vaccine was effective in individuals older than 64 years of age and maintained its efficacy in immunocompromised individuals. Added benefit accrued from receipt of the second vaccine dose, even if its administration was delayed.
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COVID-19 Rebound: To Retreat or to Re-Treat
Re-treatment of non-immunocompromised patients with mild-moderate COVID-19 rebound with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir provided no significant benefit.
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Measles Testing of Persons with HIV
A Dallas County human immunodeficiency virus clinic review from 2015-2025 found that only 11% of people with HIV had documented measles immunity, with younger patients, white and Hispanic patients, and patients with low CD4 counts more likely to be seronegative.
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Infectious Disease Updates
Emerging Carbapenemase Resistance in Enterobacterales; Jamestown Canyon Virus Common in Northern Minnesota and Wisconsin