Cardiology
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A Review of Updated Guidelines Regarding Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay
The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society have established updated guidelines on the evaluation and management of patients with bradycardia and conduction delays. Many key elements remain largely unchanged from prior guideline recommendations on pacemakers published in 2008 and 2012, but there are important new definitions, recommendations, and areas of emphasis.
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The Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Function: Keep the Mind Sharp
Italian seniors who ate a high-quality Mediterranean diet had better cognitive function than those who did not.
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Probiotic Use to Reduce Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea
In a systematic review of probiotic use for reducing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), probiotics appear to be most beneficial in populations with high baseline risk of CDAD (> 5%).
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Caregivers and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Interventions
The authors of a review of randomized, controlled trials found that mindfulness-based stress reduction may reduce short-term anxiety and depressive symptoms in people caring for family members with dementia.
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Alcohol Use: No Safe Level
A systematic analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 on alcohol-linked disorders and patterns of alcohol use over 25 years worldwide found there is no safe level of alcohol consumption.
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Effect of Diet on Hippocampal Volume in a Population at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in community-dwelling people (average age of 60 years) found that a long-term, high-quality diet was associated with larger hippocampal volumes after an average interval of 11 years.
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Trends in Supplemental Vitamin D Intake
The authors investigated the trends in daily supplemental vitamin D intake of ≥ 1,000 IU and ≥ 4,000 IU and found increasing use of vitamin D supplementation.
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Noninvasive Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia: Evidence Builds for Novel Approach
In 19 patients with treatment-refractory episodes of ventricular tachycardia or frequent premature ventricular contractions, stereotactic body radiation therapy was highly effective at reducing arrhythmia burden without acute toxicity.
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Chronic Kidney Disease Discourages Appropriate Use of Angiography and PCI in NSTEMI
This retrospective study of patients presenting with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction showed higher mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease and lower use of coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention.
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Cardiac MRI for Prognosis in Aortic Stenosis
The authors of a consortium observational study of patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing valve replacement found that a pre-procedure cardiac MRI that detects myocardial fibrosis is predictive of post-procedure mortality and may be useful for making decisions about valve replacement in asymptomatic patients.