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Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Cilostazol for Secondary Stroke Prevention (LB3)

In a recent trial, patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy combining cilostazol with either aspirin or clopidogrel were at a lower risk of ischemic stroke recurrence and at a similar risk of significant bleeding compared to patients treated with aspirin or clopidogrel alone.

IV to Oral Conversion of Antibiotic Therapy for Bacteremia Due to Enterobacteriaceae

Oral step-down antibiotic therapy (IV to oral conversion) is safe and effective in patients with bloodstream infection due to Enterobacteriaceae.

Rethinking the Prophylactic Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors in the ICU

The authors of this multicenter, blinded, randomized trial found that among critically ill adults at risk for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, fewer patients in the pantoprazole group exhibited clinically important GI bleeding compared to placebo, although mortality at 90 days was similar in both groups.

An Update to the Management of Atrial Fibrillation

This focused update to the 2014 guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) includes revisions to anticoagulation recommendations and the role of catheter ablation of AF in patients with heart failure.

Infectious Disease Alert Updates

Imagine: Multidrug-Resistant GC; A New Borrelia Species in the ‘Old World’

Baloxavir Marboxil (Xofluza)

Baloxavir marboxil is a novel, oral, antiviral agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Oct. 24, 2018, for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in patients 12 years of age and older.

Staphylococcus aureus on the Playground and in the Gym — Is It Inescapable?

Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus, is a frequent surface environmental contaminant on both children’s playgrounds and in adult fitness centers.

Adenovirus and CNS Disease in Children

Forty-eight immunocompetent children with adenovirus-associated central nervous system disease were described. Thirty-eight percent of patients died or experienced permanent neurologic sequelae.

Sleep Tight, Don’t Let the Mucorales Bite

Mucorales were found to commonly contaminate linen delivered to 15 transplant and cancer centers in the United States.

The Slippery Slope of Inappropriate Antibiotic Use in Children

Inappropriate antibiotic use for a child with a viral respiratory infection is not a “one and done” error. Children who receive antibiotics when diagnosed with a viral respiratory infection are more likely to seek care for viral infections subsequently and to receive inappropriate antibiotics again.