Infectious Disease Topics
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Long-Term Successful Virological Suppression with Dolutegravir Monotherapy in the EARL-SIMPLIFIED Trial
Dolutegravir monotherapy was demonstrated to be non-inferior as compared with combination antiretroviral therapy in EARLY-SIMPLIFIED, a randomized, controlled trial with long-term follow-up that included a highly selected group of people with HIV-1 infection.
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Locally Acquired Malaria Cases in the United States
Seven cases of locally acquired malaria have occurred in Florida and Texas.
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Post-Exposure Rabies Prophylaxis — Shorter, Simpler, and Less Costly
After bites by animals potentially infected with rabies, three-visit (over one week) intradermal rabies vaccination was compared to standard four-visit (over two weeks) intramuscular rabies vaccination. Both vaccine regimens prompted similarly protective neutralizing antibody and T-cell responses. While still off-label, the shorter, simpler regimen could protect patients at lower cost than the current standard regimen.
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What Is the Optimal Duration of Antibiotics for a Complicated UTI with Bacteremia?
An observational study of adults hospitalized with a complicated urinary tract infection and bacteremia revealed seven days of therapy was enough for most cases when they received antibiotics with comparable intravenous and oral bioavailability.
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Syphilis RPR May Fluctuate Before Treatment
The more time between testing and treatment, the more likely the change in the titer. Since patients often are called back for treatment, these data suggest clinicians should obtain a repeat rapid plasma reagin at the time these patients return for treatment, effectively establishing a new baseline.
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Biden Announces Choice for New CDC Director
Mandy Cohen will succeed Rochelle Walensky, who will step down at the end of June.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Head and Neck Cancer Worse in HIV; Syphilis RPR May Fluctuate Before Treatment
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Induction Therapy for HIV/AIDS-Related Disseminated Histoplasmosis with Single High-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B
In a Phase II randomized clinical trial involving 118 participants in Brazil with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)-related disseminated histoplasmosis, induction therapy with single high-dose (10 mg/kg) liposomal amphotericin B was safe and non-inferior as compared with standard dose (3 mg/kg) liposomal amphotericin B given once daily for 14 days.
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Vaccination Against Mpox Is Effective
Two-dose vaccination with Jynneos is effective in the prevention of mpox (monkeypox), but a better vaccine is desirable, particularly for use in immunocompromised individuals.
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Bird Flu: Is It Becoming a Threat to Humans?
A strain of influenza A virus that is highly pathogenic for birds is capable of infecting humans for whom it poses a potential risk as it continues to evolve and spread.