Infectious Disease Topics
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The Role of Influenza Vaccination in Cardiovascular Event Prevention
Researchers studied English patients with an acute cardiovascular event who received an influenza vaccine in the same 12-month period and compared that to the 120-day period after vaccination and the rest of the year. They observed those vaccinated were less likely to experience an acute cardiovascular event for 120 days after vaccine vs. the rest of the year.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
How to Assess CLABSI in Outpatient Infusion Therapy; Does Wearing Glasses Reduce the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection?
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Form Follows Function — Structure-Based Vaccines Make Progress Against RSV
In older patients who are at risk for severe disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), two new distinct vaccine candidates based on the stabilized prefusion F protein demonstrated efficacy and prevented RSV lower respiratory tract disease in patients older than age 60 years.
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Immortal Time Bias and Mortality Effects of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is associated with high mortality and often is complicated by metastatic sites of infection that can be difficult to identify and control. Fluorine-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography has shown promise in some observational studies as an important diagnostic modality for detecting foci of infection and potentially guiding clinical management in ways that may lead to improved outcomes, including lower mortality. The validity of these findings has been questioned, however, due to the risk of significant bias.
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Highlights of Updated 2023 Pediatric Vaccination Schedules in the United States
In February, the annually updated immunization schedule for children in the United States was released by several professional organizations. Key updates involve the inclusion of the PCV-15 vaccine and COVID vaccines, as well as new comments about other vaccines.
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Dual Therapy Using Doxycycline and Azithromycin Is Superior to Monotherapy for Treating Severe Scrub Typhus
A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial from India found dual therapy with intravenous doxycycline and azithromycin is more effective than either agent alone for treating severe scrub typhus.
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Golden State: Disseminated Gonococcal Infection
The diagnosis of disseminated gonococcal infection often is delayed, but the infection can most often be readily treated with ceftriaxone. Patients often lack urogenital symptoms.
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Shigella: The New Superbug?
Five percent of Shigella isolates in the United States in 2022 were extensively drug-resistant.
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Concerns and Complications of Measles and Mumps
Decreased vaccine coverage against diseases such as measles and mumps has led to new vulnerabilities in pediatric population health. Thus, the astute practitioner should be vigilant and ready to recognize and diagnose these infections.
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Vaccination Against Mpox: Does It Work? Is It Safe?
Vaccination, either subcutaneously or intradermally, with the non-replicating Jynneos monkeypox vaccine is safe and effective.