Articles Tagged With: Seizures
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Pediatric Seizures
Although benzodiazepines remain the first-line therapy, awareness of next steps in therapy is necessary.
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Seizure Drug Gabapentin Lowers PONV Risk
The anticonvulsant medication gabapentin, which already is a useful part of strategies to control pain after surgery, also effectively reduces the common complication of postoperative nausea and vomiting, reports a study in Anesthesia & Analgesia.
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Relationship Between Spikes and Seizures Using an Implantable Intracranial Detection Device
The authors report the preliminary findings for an implantable ambulatory intracranial recording device for seizure detection in 15 subjects. One of the primary findings was that spike rate significantly changed prior to seizures in nine of 15 subjects. Six of these subjects showed a significant decrease in spiking prior to ictal onset, whereas the remaining three showed a significant increase in spiking and these three subjects had the best seizure prediction results.
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Predicting Seizure Recurrence with Routine EEG after First Unprovoked Seizure
The authors systematically reviewed prospective and retrospective studies of adults and children undergoing routine electroencephalography (EEG) after a first unprovoked seizure who were followed for at least 1 year. Using positive likelihood ratios, an adult and child with epileptiform discharges on EEG were estimated to have a 77% and 66% probability, respectively, of recurrent seizures.
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Tranexamic Acid-associated Seizures: Features, Mechanisms, and Treatment
Tranexamic acid is a commonly used antifibrinolytic drug that has been associated with increased risk of postoperative seizures. The authors reviewed the incidence, risk factors, and clinical features of these seizures, as well as potential mechanisms. They also proposed treatments and interventions for preventing Tranexamic acid-related seizures.
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Outcomes of Acute Encephalitis in Children
ABSTRACT & COMMENTARY: MRI is useful not only in assisting with identifying the etiology of encephalitis, but also provides prognostic information.
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Neurological Emergencies in Children and Adolescents
Neurological issues in children can take a very dramatic but relatively benign form, or can be subtle but representative of serious underlying illness. Differentiating between high- and low-risk presentations can be challenging, but a thorough understanding of pediatric practice guidelines can help emergency department physicians determine the most appropriate ED interventions and eliminate potential injury to a child from either excessive intervention or the sequelae of a missed diagnosis. This monograph will help ED physicians recognize and appropriately treat seizures in children, and provide advice to worried parents about their child’s potential for seizure recurrence. In addition, physicians will learn how to determine which patients require lumbar puncture and understand the risks of brain CT imaging in the pediatric population. It also covers how to know when to emergently or urgently refer children to pediatric neurology.
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Predictors of Refractory Status Epilepticus
In a combined derivation and validation study, three independent risk factors for refractory status epilepticus were identified — acute symptomatic cause for seizures, stupor or coma, and a low serum albumin < 35 g/L. -
Case study: How would you manage this seizure?
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Pediatric Corner: Try these tips for pediatric seizures