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Globally Connected and Universally at Risk: Mosquito-Borne Diseases in the 21st Century

Climate change has altered and expanded the geographical distribution for key vectors of travel-related and mosquito-borne illnesses, making some of these diseases endemic to areas where they were absent in the recent past. Therefore, it is imperative that emergency practitioners become familiar with travel-related and global illnesses, their geographical prevalence, current epidemiologic trends, clinical presentations, and emergency management.

CDC: Be Wary of Travelers From African Outbreaks

Marburg virus has caused outbreaks in two African nations, and healthcare workers should be aware of travel history for incoming patients with classic hemorrhagic fever symptoms.

Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Non-Replicating (Jynneos)

Jynneos can be administered to prevent smallpox and monkeypox in adults age 18 years and older who are at high risk for contracting the infections.

COVID-19 Rebound

Symptomatic and virologic recrudescence after treatment of patients with COVID-19 with Paxlovid occurs in a tiny percentage of patients and generally is mild and self-limited.

COVID-19: Duration of Shedding of Transmissible Virus

Patients with COVID-19 were found, by culture, to shed replication-competent virus after an initial PCR test for median durations of four to five days.

Monkeypox Spread to 29 Non-Endemic Nations Unprecedented

The near-simultaneous emergence of monkeypox in the United States, Europe, and other regions where it rarely is seen has raised questions whether the virus could become endemic beyond West and Central Africa, where it is common.

WHO Updates Guidance on Long-Acting HIV Prophylaxis

International group suggests adding injectable cabotegravir to list of prevention tools.

Updated Management of Malaria

Malaria is preventable and treatable, yet there still are hundreds of millions of cases of malaria each year. New guidelines encourage personal and community prevention. Treatment usually is with artemisinin-based combination therapy.

A Case of Monkeypox in a Returned Traveler

The arrival of a traveler from Nigeria to the United States with monkeypox infection, which was quickly recognized, led to a massive public health response investigating exposed individuals, but no secondary cases were detected.

SARS-CoV-2 as a North American Zoonosis

COVID-19 has become a North American zoonosis endemic in the Northeastern white-tailed deer population. Whether it causes symptomatic infection is unclear, but most infections likely are subclinical, with viral shedding in nasal secretions and feces. Now that infection has become established in this animal group, it likely will spread easily.