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Iatrogenic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation

In this multicenter, retrospective case series, the authors sought to describe the co-occurrence of two rare variants of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy, thought to be caused by prion-like spread of amyloid beta after seeding from neurosurgical procedures decades prior to symptom onset, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation, characterized by robust perivascular inflammatory response in amyloid-laden vessels. This series demonstrates that inflammation can complicate iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy, supporting a spectrum model of disease and urging multicenter study.

Vertigo and Altered Postural Perception: Overlapping Symptoms, Distinct Mechanisms

Two distinct vestibular disorders, persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) and vestibular migraine (VM), both involve vertigo as a primary symptom. Nearly half of chronic migraine patients also experience vertigo, especially those with aura and allodynia. Since PPPD is seen as a functional maladaptation and VM is associated with cortical hyperexcitability, treatment for vertigo in these two conditions should be tailored to their unique pathophysiological mechanisms.

Progressive Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity and Myoclonus with GlyR Antibodies

This is a retrospective observational study of patients with a clinical diagnosis of progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) and glycine receptor (GlyR) antibodies identified at a specialized neuroimmunology laboratory, as well as an accompanying systematic literature review. The goal of the study was to describe the clinical features and long-term outcome of patients with GlyR antibody-mediated PERM.

Relationship Between Abnormal Amyloid-β Deposition and Regional Brain Atrophy on MRI

In a retrospective review of patients followed in the Wisconsin Alzheimer Disease Research Center, the time course of early deposition of amyloid-β correlated with regional atrophy in temporoparietal regions of interest independent of tau positivity.

Home Training for Cerebellar Ataxias: A Randomized Clinical Trial

In this randomized clinical trial comparing home high-intensity aerobic training to home balance training among individuals with cerebellar ataxias, investigators found that home high-intensity aerobic training improved ataxia symptoms, fatigue, and aerobic fitness more than dose-matched home balance training.

Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke

The ANTARCTICA study is a pooled meta-analysis from multiple prospective studies of patients with ischemic stroke of varying etiologies, where loop monitoring was performed for atrial fibrillation detection. The groups were divided into cryptogenic stroke/transient ischemic attack or non-cryptogenic stroke/non-stroke. Both groups demonstrated an unadjusted rate of atrial fibrillation of about 30%.

Neurofilament Light Chain: Differentiating bvFTD from Psychiatric Disorders

Behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) can be difficult to distinguish from a primary mood disorder at the early stages of disease. Biological markers, such as serum or cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain, can help to make a distinction between the disorders, but the test carries a high false-negative rate.

Oligoclonal Bands: What Utility Do They Have Beyond Multiple Sclerosis?

This retrospective study found that while oligoclonal bands (OCB) remain a highly sensitive and specific marker for multiple sclerosis (MS), they have limited diagnostic utility for other autoimmune central nervous system disorders. The findings underscore that OCB testing should be reserved for suspected MS and interpreted cautiously outside the MS context.

Proton Craniospinal Irradiation for Leptomeningeal Metastasis

Proton craniospinal irradiation (pCSI) demonstrated better overall survival and progression-free survival outcomes compared to involved-field radiotherapy (IFRT) for the treatment of leptomeningeal metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and breast cancer.

Acupuncture to Treat Low Back Pain in Older Adults

A multisite, three-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial of older adults in the United States with chronic low back pain found improvement in both pain and disability with the addition of acupuncture treatment compared to usual medical care alone.