Internal Medicine
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A Grossly Inadequate Global Response to Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Only 1.5% of all individuals in the world with chronic hepatitis B virus infection are receiving treatment.
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Latent Tuberculosis Treatment With Four Months of Rifampin Compared to Nine Months of Isoniazid
In an open-label trial, adults with latent tuberculosis infection were randomized to either four months of treatment with rifampin or nine months of treatment with isoniazid. The four-month rifampin regimen was non-inferior to nine months of isoniazid for prevention of active tuberculosis. It also was associated with a higher treatment completion rate and superior safety.
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Measles From Coast to Coast: Risks, Costs, and Potential Interventions
It is expensive to respond to and control measles outbreaks in the United States. Primary outbreak prevention should focus on vaccination of travelers and encouragement of routine vaccine acceptance by those who currently are hesitant to have their children vaccinated.
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Negative Fluid Balance on Day 3 Associated With Improved Outcomes in Critical Illness
In critically ill patients, a negative fluid balance on day 3 either spontaneously or with deresuscitative measures may be associated with lower mortality.
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ECMO vs. Optimal Protective Ventilation and Ancillary Therapies in Severe ARDS
Treatment of very severe acute respiratory distress syndrome with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation vs. lung-protective ventilation with aggressive ancillary therapy use demonstrated only a trend toward improved 60-day mortality.
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The Opioid Crisis in the ICU
A detailed exploration of the background of the opioid crisis and how it affects the ICU.
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Cannabidiol Oral Solution (Epidiolex)
Epidiolex is indicated for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or Dravet syndrome in patients ≥ 2 years of age.
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A Negative Nares Screen for MRSA Helps Exclude MRSA Pneumonia
The authors of a meta-analysis determined that nares screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has a high specificity and negative predictive value for MRSA pneumonia.
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Vitamin D and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Findings from a meta-analysis show vitamin D supplementation was associated with improved glycemic control in vitamin D-deficient or non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Tailored Anticoagulation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Intermittent anticoagulation guided by continuous assessment of arrhythmia status in patients with low-to-moderate risk did not result in any strokes or thromboembolic events over a relatively short follow-up period.