Infectious Disease
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Screening and Diagnosis of Chagas Disease in the United States
Chagas disease is an important public health problem in the United States. An expert panel has made a series of specific recommendations for screening for and diagnosis of Chagas disease in at-risk groups.
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Omicron Variant: A Superspreader with Low Severity?
While the emerging omicron variant of COVID-19 is “blowing through” previously infected and vaccinated people in South Africa, preliminary evidence indicates the highly mutated virus will cause less severe disease.
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Treatment of Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria with Intravenous Artesunate
A prospective nationwide study in France found intravenous artesunate use was rapidly adopted by clinicians and was safe and highly effective in the treatment of severe malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum.
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Leapfrog Patient Safety Group Pushing for Lower HAI Rates
The Leapfrog Group, a patient safety watchdog organization, is redoubling efforts to prevent healthcare-associated infections and other adverse events that have increased during the pandemic as it examines data and results from its policy suggestions.
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Malaria in the United States
The number of cases of imported malaria in the United States continues to increase, with most cases caused by Plasmodium falciparum and most of the infections acquired in Africa, particularly West Africa. Almost three-fourths of U.S. residents with malaria had failed to take chemoprophylaxis and the remaining one-fourth often did not take recommended medications.
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Malassezia restricta as a Cause of Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis
The authors of a retrospective study from France used DNA detection methods to assess the microbial etiologies of 16 cases of culture-negative infective endocarditis. They identified three cases of Malassezia restricta, a yeast considered a member of the human skin microbiota. Notably, serologic testing cross-reacted between M. restricta and Candida albicans.
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Mumps in Vaccinated Children
Recent mumps outbreaks in the United States have involved vaccinated individuals without international travel. The genotype of the mumps virus circulating in North America and Europe is different than that of the virus used to manufacture the attenuated vaccine used in the United States.
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Infectious Complications Carry Ethical Implications for End-of-Life Care
Many assume antibiotics are a simple solution to infectious complications, which is not always the case. Clinicians must explain the downstream effects of traumatic injuries and ICU care to families in detail so they can see how each bump in the road will affect the patient.
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Pilocarpine Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution 1.25% (Vuity)
Pilocarpine ophthalmic solution (OS) can be prescribed to treat presbyopia.
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Intensive Monitoring for Asymptomatic Atrial Fibrillation Did Not Prevent Strokes
Screening with an implantable loop recorder resulted in dramatically higher rates of atrial fibrillation detection and ensuing anticoagulation, but without a significant decrease in risk of stroke or systemic embolism by six years of follow-up.