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Parasites and Poverty in the South

Parasite contamination of soil remains prevalent in some areas of the southern United States.

Aztreonam-Avibactam vs. Meropenem for Serious Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections

In this multinational, prospective, Phase III, randomized trial, aztreonam-avibactam was found to be a safe and effective option, when compared to meropenem with or without colistin, for treating complicated intra-abdominal infections, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-acquired pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria.

Effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

A study that compared nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, remdesivir, or a combination of both for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 found those who received nirmatrelvir-ritonavir monotherapy had lower mortality, reduced intensive care unit admission, and reduced need for mechanical ventilation.

Pink Eye: Do Antibiotics Matter?

Acute infectious conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as pink eye, is common in children and is caused by bacteria more often than by viruses. Nonetheless, neither the clinical course of uncomplicated cases nor the spread of infection to peers is significantly altered by treatment with topical antibiotics or by exclusion of infected children from daycare and school settings.

Doxy-PEP Could Be Prevention Strategy for Some Patients

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of doxycycline is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for prevention of chlamydia, syphilis, and gonorrhea infections for men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women who have had a bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) within the past year, according to a new paper on doxycycline-PEP. But it also is a strategy that may work well for cisgender women who have a similar risk profile.

Routine, Opt-Out Screening for Syphilis in Emergency Departments Succeeds

The current healthcare crisis of increases in cases of congenital syphilis suggest reproductive health providers and the public health community need better strategies for identifying people with syphilis infection and getting them into treatment.

A Review of Throat Infections: Low-Acuity Disease

Sore throats are common pediatric chief complaints, with etiologies ranging from thrush to epiglottitis. All clinicians must be familiar with the diversity of causes from benign to life-threatening in order to decrease morbidity and mortality with a timely diagnosis.

Infectious Disease Updates

ID: An Arbiter of Death? Preventing Recurrent UTI with Probiotics

Diagnostic Uncertainty in Community-Acquired Pneumonia

A national retrospective cohort study from the Veterans Administration found a high rate of diagnostic discordance for patients admitted and discharged for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Improvement in the diagnosis of CAP is needed.

Mucormycosis Remains Highly Lethal

Mucormycosis continues to be associated with a high mortality rate. Polymerase chain reaction may speed diagnosis and allow earlier initiation of therapy. There appears to be no evidence supporting the use of combination as opposed to single agent (liposomal amphotericin B) therapy.