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Taletrectinib Capsules (Ibtrozi)

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a potent, selective, next-generation ROS Proto-Oncogene 1 (ROS1) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, taletrectinib, for the treatment of ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer.

Do Gowns Help Prevent Transmission of Respiratory Viruses?

The authors examined various studies to look at the effectiveness of different kinds of gowns and materials in preventing viral infections. The results were mixed, with most studies demonstrating no good evidence that gowning helps in this regard.

Examining Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Primary C. difficile Infection

In a randomized controlled trial conducted in Norway, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was noninferior to vancomycin for the treatment of primary Clostridioides difficile infection, with 66.7% of patients in the FMT group achieving clinical cure without recurrence compared to 61.2% in the vancomycin group over 60 days of follow-up.

Long-Term Peripheral Nerve Function in People with Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes

The authors conducted a prospective observational study comparing the effect of early diagnosed, well-controlled type 2 diabetes on peripheral nerve function. Overall, they found similar rates of decline in nerve function in people with well-controlled diabetes compared to age- and sex-matched individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Given the similar decline in nerve function, the authors concluded that the course of diabetic sensorimotor neuropathy is influenced primarily by nerve function at the time of diagnosis and age-related physiological decline.

Semaglutide May Reduce Dementia Risk

In a large nationwide population-based study, semaglutide significantly reduced Alzheimer’s disease-related dementia risk compared to insulin, metformin, and older glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Lenacapavir Injection and Tablets (Yeztugo)

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved lenacapavir, a potent, first-in-class, capsid inhibitor, for reducing the risk of sexually acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Does Lipoprotein(a) Improve the Risk Calculation of the PREVENT Equation?

A pooled cohort from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the United Kingdom Biobank study has shown that, overall, the American Heart Association PREVENT risk scores performed well at predicting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk even in those with high lipoprotein(a) levels, but considering lipoprotein(a) in those with low PREVENT scores may help make therapeutic decisions in these individuals.

Updated Recommendations for Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

The authors provide an update of recommendations for the treatment of tuberculosis, including cases with drug resistance. The recommendations include the use of newer drugs that have undergone clinical trials and shorter durations of therapy.

Restricting Remdesivir in an Immune Era: No Harm, Big Savings

A quasi-experimental, eight-hospital, pre-post restriction of remdesivir to only symptomatic, oxygen-requiring, immunocompromised adults during July 2023 to June 2024 led to a 90% reduction in remdesivir use (37.7% to 4.1%) without any increase in 14- or 28-day all-cause mortality, 30-day readmission, or hospital length of stay. Medium- and high-risk covariate models confirmed no mortality signal, while an intriguing rise in intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation use among the few post-intervention recipients was most consistent with residual confounding and confounding by indication (i.e., the sickest patients being channeled to receive therapy). In an era of widespread hybrid immunity from Omicron-descended variants, broad remdesivir formulary restriction can be implemented safely and can yield substantial cost savings without compromising outcomes.

Benefits of Nudging in Severe Aortic Stenosis

A single health system study of electronic provider notifications when severe aortic stenosis was discovered on echocardiography showed that referrals for aortic valve replacement significantly increased, especially in women and those > 80 years of age.