Articles Tagged With: Neurology
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Potential Benefit of Glyburide in Moderate-Volume Acute Ischemic Stroke
An exploratory analysis of the CHARM trial suggests intravenous glyburide may improve outcomes in large hemispheric stroke patients with infarct volumes < 125 mL, particularly alongside thrombectomy, reducing edema, mortality, and the need for decompressive surgery, and highlighting a potential neuroprotective role.
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Increased Treatment Opportunities for Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias
Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) include cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, hemicrania continua, short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing, and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with cranial autonomic symptoms. They are female-predominant primary headache disorders that coexist with migraines and mood disorders. Indomethacin is underused in those TACs that are specifically indomethacin responsive. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation for TACs is well-tolerated and more effective for prevention than as an acute treatment.
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The Walk ’n Watch Trial: Stroke Recovery Through High-Intensity Walking
An intensive real-life walking protocol, started as soon as possible after acute stroke, resulted in improved overall walking endurance, mobility, balance, and quality of life
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Treatment Window for Lowering Blood Pressure in Acute ICH
Effective treatment for acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has remained elusive, with inconclusive results from surgical evacuations, as well as blood pressure management. The investigators performed a pooled analysis of four INTERACT trials that studied the effect of aggressive blood pressure lowering in patients with acute ICH. Ultra-early treatment (< 3 hours from onset) may be beneficial, but most patients are not so quickly diagnosed or treated.
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MIND Matters: Diet, Exercise, and Engagement in Cognitive Health
This multicenter, randomized clinical trial showed that a highly structured, multidomain lifestyle intervention modestly but significantly was associated with improved global cognitive function throughout two years in at-risk older adults, compared to a lower-intensity, self-guided program.
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Long-Term Peripheral Nerve Function in People with Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes
The authors conducted a prospective observational study comparing the effect of early diagnosed, well-controlled type 2 diabetes on peripheral nerve function. Overall, they found similar rates of decline in nerve function in people with well-controlled diabetes compared to age- and sex-matched individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Given the similar decline in nerve function, the authors concluded that the course of diabetic sensorimotor neuropathy is influenced primarily by nerve function at the time of diagnosis and age-related physiological decline.
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24-Hour Activity Rhythms and Amyloid-β Deposition in the Brain
This study of dementia-free adults found that greater variability of the 24-hour activity rhythm (greater during the daytime as well as during sleep time) with fragmentation of sleep predicted increased deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ), especially in apolipoprotein E 4 (APOE4) carriers.
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Are Weight Gain and Mental Health Bidirectionally Connected?
In an adult population-based cohort study over four years, researchers found that both emotional eating and body dissatisfaction independently mediate the relationships between mental health factors and body mass index trajectories.
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TIA Is Associated with Accelerated Cognitive Decline
The study investigators looked at data from a prospective study of 30,239 Black and white community-dwelling persons aged 45 years or older with cognitive evaluations over the phone every other year until 2022. The researchers documented patients who had transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke, and demonstrated that persons who had TIA had a cognitive decline trajectory similar to those patients who had a definite diagnosis of stroke.
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Can Anti-Amyloid Antibody Treatment Delay the Clinical Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease?
In this open-label extension of the dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s disease gantenerumab trial (DIAN-TU), long-term continuous amyloid clearance over eight or more years in asymptomatic carriers of autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s mutations showed potential to delay symptom onset and slow progression. Shorter duration or partial clearance did not yield measurable clinical benefit, suggesting that only sustained, near-complete amyloid removal may have disease-modifying effects.