Browse Primary Care/Hospitalist Articles by Topic

What Kind of AV Block?

The ECG in the figure was obtained from a young adult who presented to the emergency department with dizziness, a near syncopal episode, and chest discomfort. Does this ECG suggest AV block is the cause of his symptoms?

Oliceridine Injection (Olinvyk)

Oliceridine should be prescribed to adults to manage acute pain severe enough to require intravenous opioid analgesic and for whom alternative treatment has not worked.

Preventing Recurrent Stroke or Death After Ischemic Stroke, TIAs

The combination of ticagrelor and aspirin compared to aspirin alone was superior in reducing the risk of stroke or death within 30 days of an acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Cilostazol Appears Effective for Long-Term Secondary Stroke Prevention

More trials in Western countries should be initiated to assess the effects of cilostazol treatment on cognitive decline and functional outcomes, as well as on the progression of small vessel disease in the brain. Studies from Asia suggest it is a promising treatment, but it has not been studied sufficiently in clinical trials.

2020 Updated LTBI Treatment Guidelines

A committee recommended three rifamycin-based regimens and two alternate six- or nine-month isoniazid monotherapy regimens for latent tuberculosis infection treatment. They gave priority to shorter-course regimens with similar efficacy, higher rates of completion, and favorable tolerability compared with the former standard nine-month regimen of isoniazid.

Diet Modification in Older Women with Fecal Incontinence

This study highlights the need for everyone to inquire and start conversations about fecal incontinence symptoms with patients and empowers clinicians to discuss simple lifestyle modifications that may be of great benefit.

Labor, Pain Management, and Acupuncture: A Cochrane Review

This Cochrane review evaluating acupuncture and acupressure for pain management during labor finds acupuncture may lead to reduced use of pharmacological agents for pain control while acupressure may reduce pain intensity. Higher-quality studies are needed.

Vitamin D and Colon Cancer

A self-report of any vitamin D supplementation is associated with a decrease in colorectal polyps; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.96) in high-latitude conditions. A self report of meeting 600 IU of vitamin D, the recommended daily intake for that region, is associated with a decrease in high-risk adenomatous polyps, with an aOR of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.62-0.99) in high-latitude conditions.

The Few-Foods Diet and ADHD

This Dutch study describes a six-month follow-up of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) introduced to the Few-Foods Diet. Results indicate a significant decrease in ADHD symptoms and medication in children compliant with the diet.

Assessing and Treating Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease frequently seek care for acute exacerbations, which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is crucial for physicians to understand how to assess and treat these patients appropriately.