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Oral Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Antagonist for Migraine Prevention

Atogepant, an oral calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonist, was shown to be effective and safe for migraine prevention.

Antibiotic Use in COVID-19 Patients

Fifty-seven percent of patients with COVID-19 infection treated at 38 hospitals in Michigan received early empiric antibiotics, although researchers documented community-onset bacterial coinfection in only 3.5%.

Try Using Telehealth to Diagnose and Manage Patients with Dizziness

Because of COVID-19, many patients with dizziness may be seeking care virtually. It has become increasingly important for practitioners to be able to recognize whether there is a serious underlying cause via two-way video hookup.

Room for Improvement in Frontline Care of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) can be frightening and debilitating. It is not uncommon for patients suffering from PNES to present to the ED for help. However, arriving at an accurate diagnosis in these cases can be tricky. Many patients with PNES are misdiagnosed, leading to frustration, morbidity, and (in many cases) harm related to inappropriate treatment.

Recurrent Stroke After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source

Twenty percent to 40% of ischemic strokes are classified as cryptogenic, meaning a specific cause cannot be identified. A subset of those have been classified by some investigators as embolic stroke of undetermined source. However, this remains a controversial category and classification.

Can Anticoagulant Strategies Reduce Covert Brain Infarcts in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease?

Covert brain infarcts are detected on magnetic resonance imaging studies in the aging brain in about 10% of people at age 65 years, increasing to 25% at age 80 years. Most patients who develop dementia have a combination of multiple small infarcts, plus amyloid deposition. Prevention of covert infarcts is a strategy to mitigate the frequency and severity of late-life dementia.

Carotid Endarterectomy vs. Medical Therapy in Patients with Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis

Multiple randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that carotid endarterectomy is beneficial in patients who have symptomatic carotid stenosis, and currently, that is the recommendation for such patients. However, in the intervening years, advances in medical therapy, as well as significant improvement in the management of blood pressure, diabetes, diet, and exercise, have been shown to reduce stroke rate. Therefore, it is currently controversial whether carotid endarterectomy is still beneficial in asymptomatic patients with carotid artery stenosis compared to current medical management.

Tranexamic Acid and Outcomes in Patients with Moderate or Severe TBI

In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial using tranexamic acid to treat patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury within two hours of injury, there was no significant difference between treatment groups in either mortality or functional recovery at six months.

IqYmune for CIDP

IqYmune is a highly purified 10% concentration of human immunoglobulin obtained from healthy volunteers. It appears to have similar efficacy in the treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) as conventional intravenous immunoglobulin, with 76% of the study patients showing a significant improvement in a standardized disability score.

COVID-19 Infection in MS Patients

In a multicenter, retrospective analysis of patients in a multiple sclerosis (MS) registry, the authors described the clinical characteristics and risks associated with severity of complications from COVID-19 infection in patients with MS.