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Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau and Amyloid-ß1-42 in Patients with Dementia

In patients with clinically diagnosed dementia, the CSF biomarker profile of low CSF amyloid-ß1-42, high total tau, and high phosphorylated tau was seen in the majority of patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease. Substantial proportions of patients with non-Alzheimer’s dementia were also found to have the Alzheimer’s disease pathological profile. The value of CSF biomarker measurements in clinical practice is uncertain.

Vitamin D and Diabetic Neuropathy

Vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate the clinical manifestations of diabetic neuropathy, and supplementation with vitamin D3 may be beneficial.

The Expanding Role of Tau in Neurodegeneration: New Insights from Huntington’s Disease

Although Huntington’s disease is due to a triplet repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, this study demonstrates abnormally phosphorylated tau pathology in Huntington’s disease brain tissue.

Small Fiber Neuropathy in Critical Illness

The spectrum of critical illness polyneuropathy may include painful, small-fiber degeneration that can be readily diagnosed by punch skin-biopsy.

Omega-3s for the AREDS2 Cohort Are Not Beneficial for Preventing Cognitive Decline

A sub-analysis of the AREDS2 randomized, controlled trial that involved supplemental omega-3 fatty acids failed to find benefit on cognitive function over 5 years.

Serum Chloride Level Predicts Mortality in Acute Heart Failure

The association between serum sodium level and outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure is well-established.

Community-acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization in Adults

An active population-based surveillance of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization in adults 18 years of age and older was conducted in five hospitals in Chicago and Nashville.

Idarucizumab: A Promising New Drug that Reverses the Anticoagulant Effects of Dabigatran

Several new oral anticoagulants are changing the approach to anticoagulation for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary emboli.

Optimal Duration of Anticoagulation for Unprovoked Pulmonary Embolism

The PADIS-PE study is a randomized, double-blind trial of adult patients with a first episode of unprovoked PE that seeks to better define the appropriate duration of therapy.

Oral Nutritional Supplementation for Hospitalized COPD Patients Pays Off

<>In contrast to many of the other top 10 causes of death in the United States, COPD deaths are increasing, such that COPD is now the third most common cause of death. Although a variety of pharmacologic interventions are available to improve symptoms and decrease exacerbations, none has been shown to reduce mortality.