Neurology
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Zika Virus Infection and Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a defined complication of Zika virus infection and presents in a typical manner, similar to other post-viral GBS syndromes.
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Headaches in the Elderly: A Non-specific Marker for Stroke Risk
Non-migrainous headaches, for which there are many causes, appear to be a risk factor for stroke in an elderly population, but the mechanism is uncertain.
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Disease Rebound After Stopping Fingolimod in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
A review of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who discontinued fingolimod therapy showed that five out of 46 (10.9 %) of these patients developed a rebound phenomenon between 4 to 16 weeks, where disease activity returns and often exceeds pre-treatment levels.
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Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Receiving Prehospital Thrombolysis in Mobile Stroke Units
Deployment of a mobile stroke treatment unit in the field results in a higher percentage of patients treated with intravenous tPA, at a shorter interval from onset of symptoms, and results in better outcomes.
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Cancer in Autoimmune Necrotizing Myositis
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy is a distinct syndrome that can be differentiated from polymyositis and dermatomyositis, and is commonly associated with underlying malignancy.
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Triage to a Certified Stroke Center Reduces Early Mortality
In a national attempt to improve stroke care, there has been widespread certification of primary stroke centers (PSCs) by The Joint Commission. It has been assumed that outcomes will be better in the PSCs, but there have always been questions regarding how much additional time is acceptable to travel to a PSC, compared to a local hospital, in terms of successful treatment and outcomes.
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Chocolate Counteracts the Effects of Sleep Deprivation
SYNOPSIS: An acute administration of a chocolate rich in flavanols (a subclass of flavonoids) was found to mitigate the cardiovascular and cognitive effects of sleep deprivation in a group of young and healthy individuals.
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The Use of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation May Lead to Earlier Extubation and Decreased Ventilator Adverse Events
SYNOPSIS: The choice of dexmedetomidine or propofol over midazolam may improve outcomes in patients mechanically ventilated for three or more days.
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Screening for Coronary Artery Disease Is Underused in Heart Failure
Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of heart failure. Current practice guidelines recommend screening for Coronary artery disease in patients with newly diagnosed heart failure. However, few studies have evaluated how often clinicians perform diagnostic testing for Coronary artery disease on patients hospitalized with newly diagnosed heart failure.
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Steroids Increase the Risk for Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality. Previous studies produced conflicting results about whether steroids increase the risk of SAB and may have been biased by confounding variables. Therefore, Smit and colleagues sought to more clearly define the risk of SAB associated with the use of steroids.