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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in the Extreme Elderly

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), when seen in the very elderly, is usually severe and is not reliably diagnosed by ultrasound. Nerve conduction studies and electromyography are the most sensitive and specific tests to make accurate diagnosis of CTS.

Neuropathy After Total Knee Arthroplasty

In a large series of cases from the Mayo Clinic, 54 cases of new neuropathy occurred in 14,450 total knee arthroplasties. Most were isolated peroneal neuropathies. No specific risk factors were identified in this series.

EEG Reactivity for Prediction of Neurological Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest

This prospective, multicenter cohort study aimed to determine the utility of electroencephalographic reactivity (EEG-R) testing in neurological prognostication of comatose patients after cardiac arrest. The authors found that EEG-R testing, by itself, is not sufficiently reliable to predict neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest.

Statin Use Moderately Reduces Dementia Risk After Concussions in Older Individuals

In a large population study, concussion in older adults resulted in significantly higher risk for dementia that was modestly reduced among those taking a statin.

Essential Tremor and Dystonic Tremor: Similar Appearance but Different Cerebral Networks

Using MRI BOLD and seed-based functional connectivity, during a grip-force task, network-level connectivity was shown to be highly distinct between two otherwise phenotypically overlapping tremor types — dystonic tremor and essential tremor.

Clinical Features of Subdural Fluid Collections With Intracranial Hypotension

Clinical features of patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension and bilateral subdural fluid collections differ from patients who sustained previous head trauma vs. those with cerebrospinal fluid leaks.

MRI Investigation of Brain Abnormalities in Friedreich’s Ataxia

Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is characterized by progressive weakness, sensory loss, ataxia, and dysarthria starting in childhood. The authors of this MRI-based study demonstrated that structural damage is limited to the spinal cord, red nucleus, and cerebellar peduncles in young FRDA patients, but progresses to widespread cerebral damage in adult FRDA patients.

Vasculitic Neuropathy: Improving Diagnostic Accuracy

SYNOPSIS: Vasculitic neuropathy is characterized by stepwise progression of sensorimotor neuropathy, usually with axonal features on electrodiagnostic studies, and often the presence of antimyeloperoxidase and rheumatoid factor antibodies and cryoglobulins. However, peripheral nerve biopsy is necessary for a definitive diagnosis.

Zika-associated vs. Non-Zika Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Zika virus is similar to non-Zika virus cases in terms of severity of illness and prognosis around long-term recovery and disability.

A Possible New Treatment for HTLV-1-associated Myelopathy

Mogamulizumab reduces central nervous system inflammation and improves spasticity in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy.