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Decompressive Craniectomy for Acute Subdural Hematoma

There has been longstanding discussion about whether craniectomy results in better outcomes than craniotomy with preservation of the skull for treatment of patients with acute subdural hematomas. This multicenter, international clinical trial was designed to compare the long-term results, benefits, and complications of decompressive craniectomy vs. craniotomy in patients with acute subdural hematomas.

Gene Therapy for Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Patients: The REFLECT Trial

Gene therapy for Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, a mitochondrial genetic disorder, using nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid that is transported into mitochondria, shows promising benefits in the treatment of this disease.

Mpox-Associated Neurological Disease

Neurological consequences of mpox (monkeypox) are rare and have not been attributed to direct viral invasion of the central nervous system.

Long-Term Outcome for Patients with CIDP

In a careful meta-analysis of published series of treated patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), about one-half of patients achieved a good long-term remission with independent function and only about 8% were unable to walk independently.

Involvement of the Peripheral Nervous System in Neurolymphomatosis

Lymphoma that presents with peripheral neuropathy is a challenging diagnosis. Diagnosis and treatment often are delayed, but they can be facilitated by early consideration and imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. Early diagnosis and hematologic treatment may be effective.

Somatic Variants in Ras/Raf/MAPK Pathway Play a Role in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Eleven somatic variants enriched in the hippocampus were detected in a group of patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Most somatic variants are mutations in the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Overactivation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway was detected in MTLE with somatic variants.

Trichloroethylene Exposure Has Been Linked to an Increased Risk of Parkinson’s Disease

Preliminary evidence suggests trichloroethylene is a potential environmental risk factor for Parkinson’s disease. Further research is needed to confirm this association.

Lovastatin for Reducing Risk and Delaying Onset of ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease without available treatments that significantly alter the disease course. Using Medicare databases and pharmacy records, with multiple logistic regression models, researchers studied three candidate drugs (lovastatin, sulfasalazine, and telmisartan) that were identified as possible therapies for ALS and their effects on SOD1G93A transgenic mice. Animal testing showed a delay in disease onset and prolonged survival in mice treated with a mouse-equivalent dose of lovastatin 40 mg, but showed no benefit from the other two candidate drugs.

A Primer on Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Narcolepsy

Many new drugs are coming on the market to treat daytime sleepiness, as well as insomnia, as the prevalence of sleep disorders continues to grow in modern society. Neurologists should familiarize themselves with these disorders and the various ways to treat them safely.

Sleep Apnea Appears to Age Brain Faster

Researchers observed patients who spent less time in deep sleep showed biomarkers indicative of poor neurological health.