Infectious Disease
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MERS: From the Middle East to East Asia
On May 20, 2015, a 68-year-old Korean man with fever and cough who had returned eight days previously from a trip to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates was found to be infected with MERS coronavirus.
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Travel Medicine: News You Can Use
In May, 1,296 travel medicine specialists gathered in Quebec City, Canada, for the 14th biannual conference of the International Society of Travel Medicine. Several of the topics discussed are practically relevant to readers of Infectious Disease Alert, so we offer this Top 10 list of news items.
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Infectious Diseases Grand Rounds — Stanford University
CASE: A 55-year-old male with an atypical cause of osteo-articular infection
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Measles-induced Immunomodulation and Impact on Childhood Mortality
Population-level studies in high-resource countries demonstrated that fluctuations in childhood mortality from all infectious diseases are strongly associated with measles infection. The effect is likely attributable to generalized immunomodulation that follows measles infection, with a duration of two to three years.
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Antibiotics for Intraabdominal Infections: Less Is More
A multi-center, randomized trial comparing patients with complicated intraabdominal infections found no difference in outcomes between those who received 4 days of antibiotic therapy vs. 8 days after adequate source control.
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Duration of Antibiotic Treatment for Vertebral Osteomyelitis
Three hundred fifty-nine patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis were randomized to 6 weeks vs. 12 weeks of antibiotic treatment in an open-label controlled trial. Six weeks of antibiotics was found to be not inferior to 12 weeks of treatment.
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Clinical Briefs
Updates on treatment of depression, the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, and subclinical thyroid dysfunction as it relates to fracture risk.
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Pharmacology Update: Memantine HCl and Donepezil HCl Capsules (Namzaric™)
The addition of memantine to a stable dose of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor may improve cognitive performance.
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PCSK9: A Major New Advance in Cholesterol-lowering Therapy
When added to statin therapy at the maximum tolerated dose, the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 62% and also reduced the rate of occurrence of cardiovascular events.
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Obesity Paradox and Diabetes
In a prospective cohort study of overweight or obese type 2 diabetics, being overweight was associated with a lower mortality risk, but being obese was not.