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Decreasing Malaria Mortality in Africa
Malaria mortality in Africa has decreased by approximately 57% during the past 15 years, but some areas still have low level use of bed nets, low coverage with antimalarial medication, and higher death rates due to malaria. At the same time, anti-malarial measures are still important for individuals traveling to endemic areas.
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A Short Course of Antibiotics for Acute Otitis Media in Children Leads to Worse Outcomes Compared to Standard Course Therapy
A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial determined that in children 6-23 months of age with acute otitis media, five days of amoxicillin-clavulanate resulted in more clinical failure compared to a 10-day course of therapy.
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Intrauterine Zika Virus Infection — Not Just Microcephaly at Birth
Manifestations of intrauterine Zika infection may not be clinically apparent at birth, warranting the use of early neuroimaging and careful follow-up.
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Zika Virus and Risk of Congenital Abnormalities
Two recent studies clarify the substantial risk of congenital abnormalities following maternal Zika virus infection. The risk is highest in the first trimester of pregnancy, and appears similar following symptomatic and asymptomatic maternal infection.
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Troponin Highly Prognostic in Decompensated Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Among patients with acute decompensated heart failure and preserved ejection fraction, elevated troponin is associated with worse in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival, independent of other predictors.
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Utility of Serial Coronary Calcium Scores
Researchers determined recently that if serial scans are performed, the most recent scan should be used for risk assessment, and the degree of CT calcium score progression adds no further prognostic information.
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A New Risk Score for Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation
A new, simpler score for stroke risk prediction in atrial fibrillation patients uses biomarkers to supplant many clinical variables and outperforms the CHA2DS2-VASc score in two large cohorts.
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Orbiting the Truth of Heart Failure Incidence and Implications in Those with Prevalent Atrial Fibrillation
Patients presenting with atrial fibrillation are at elevated risk for the development of heart failure, typically with preserved ejection fraction, which is associated with increased risk of death and hospitalization.
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NOACs in Patients Requiring Anticoagulation Post-PCI
In patients with atrial fibrillation post-percutaneous coronary intervention with stent placement, recently studied regimens conferred a significantly lower risk of clinically important bleeding compared to standard triple therapy with full-dose warfarin.
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Sacubitril/Valsartan Associated with Reduced Risk of Hyperkalemia
\In a secondary analysis of the PARADIGM-HF trial, the risk of severe hyperkalemia in heart failure patients taking a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist was lower among patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan compared to those receiving enalapril.