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Clinical Consequences of Alzheimer’s and Lewy Body Co-Pathologies
This large study of patients with cognitive impairment-assessed cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, positron emission tomography imaging, and cognitive tests showed that those with evidence of both Alzheimer’s and Lewy body pathologies had greater cognitive dysfunction and faster progression than those with either pathology alone.
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Long-Term Efficacy of Ocrelizumab as First-Line Treatment for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Nine-year follow-up data from open-label extension of the Phase III clinical trials of ocrelizumab show that, although the efficacy of ocrelizumab was maintained throughout the duration of the study, patients who were treated with ocrelizumab from the beginning of the Phase III trials did better than the patients who were on subcutaneous (SC) interferon β-1a initially and were switched to ocrelizumab at the onset of the open-label extension period.
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Small Fiber Neuropathy in Post-COVID Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
This study examines small fiber neuropathy (SFN) in post-COVID patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). While ME/CFS patients reported more SFN symptoms, objective testing showed limited diagnostic value beyond heat/cold detection differences.
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Should Thrombolytic Drugs Be Added to Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Stroke?
Two recent trials from China studied the effect of post-thrombectomy, intra-arterial thrombolysis on neurological outcomes. One study used tenecteplase and the other used urokinase. Both studies showed a trend toward improvement that was not statistically significant, and there was an increase in brain hemorrhage. The benefit of adjunctive thrombolysis with mechanical thrombectomy is uncertain and requires more study.
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Should Trial of Labor Be Offered to Women with Two Previous Cesarean Deliveries and Twin Gestations?
In twin pregnancies among women with two prior cesarean deliveries, there were no significant differences observed in adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes, yet the probability of a successful vaginal birth stood at 37.8%.
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Modified Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer
In this retrospective cohort study including 276 patients with early-stage cervical cancer, modified tumor-free techniques during laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, including avoidance of a uterine manipulator and vaginal closure prior to colpotomy, demonstrated a lower recurrence rate (1.3% vs. 12.8%) and significantly better two-year disease-free survival (99.3% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.002) compared with traditional laparoscopic radical hysterectomy.
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Trends in Contraceptive Use Among Abortion Patients
In this cross-sectional study of 88,550 patients presenting for abortion services in England and Wales in 2018 and 2023, the use of effective methods of contraception decreased over time (hormonal methods: 18.8% vs. 11.3%, P < 0.001; long-acting reversible contraceptives: 3% vs. 0.6%, P < 0.001), while fertility awareness-based methods increased from 0.4% to 2.5% (P < 0.001).
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New Guidelines for HPV Testing of Self-Collected Vaginal Specimens
This article outlines national consensus guidelines for the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing of self-collected vaginal specimens for cervical cancer screening.
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Importance of Dynamic Mitral Regurgitation in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
A small observational study of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and mitral valve regurgitation referred for exercise testing who underwent isometric handgrip exercise showed that the baseline presence or development of severe mitral regurgitation with exercise was predictive of a composite adverse outcome endpoint at one year.
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Ten-Year Outcomes of the SCOT-HEART Study
The 10-year follow-up of the SCOT-HEART Study of new-onset chest pain patients randomized to standard care vs. the addition of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) has shown that coronary heart disease-related death, myocardial infarction, and other adverse cardiovascular outcomes are reduced with CTA use, perhaps because preventive therapy is increased.