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Ruxolitinib Cream (Opzelura)

Ruxolitinib cream can be prescribed to treat nonsegmental (bilateral) vitiligo in adult and pediatric patients age 12 years and older.

Periodontal Disease as an Independent Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Researchers used data from the 2013 to 2014 period of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to study possible connections between poor oral health and the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease.

Is Illicit Substances Use Associated with Atrial Fibrillation?

An observational study of a huge cohort of patients admitted to California hospitals showed patients who used cocaine, methamphetamine, opiates, and cannabis were at a higher risk of developing atrial fibrillation vs. those with similar risk factors who did not use the substances.

The Right Dose at the Right Time: Improving Hypertension Outcomes

An online study of evening vs. morning administration of patients’ usual antihypertensive medications, with a median five-year follow-up, revealed there is no difference in major cardiovascular outcomes between the two periods.

Is Long-Term Antidepressant Use Hurting Patients?

Long-term antidepressant use could lead to elevated risks of coronary heart disease, along with higher cardiovascular disease mortality and all-cause mortality rates.

Can Artificial Intelligence Help Us to Choose the Best Anti-Seizure Medicine?

A new deep learning artificial intelligence algorithm was able to identify the most effective initial drug to treat newly diagnosed epilepsy, compared to the physicians’ clinical judgment. The algorithm required prospective, carefully collected clinical data for its success.

Lipid Pathway Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

In this large-scale study, the authors used a comprehensive untargeted lipidomic approach to determine the extent to which lipid dysregulation occurs in patients with Parkinson’s disease generally and in mutation carriers of one of the most common Parkinson’s disease risk genes, LRRK2. Further pathway analysis reveals sphingolipid metabolism, insulin signaling, and mitochondrial function as major metabolic pathways dysregulated in Parkinson’s disease.

Influence of Vitamin Intake on the Prevalence of Migraine

In a large population-based survey, 21.6% of participants reported having severe headaches or migraine. Those reporting severe headaches also reported a lower intake of thiamine and riboflavin, based on 24-hour recall of food intake. There also was an inverse relationship between thiamine intake and reports of severe headaches.

Atypical Presentations for Inclusion Body Myositis

Inclusion body myositis, the most common acquired myopathy, often is misdiagnosed or diagnosed after a delay of many years. Atypical presentations are not unusual, and clinicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion for this disorder when patients present with slowly progressive muscle weakness in an unusual pattern.

Early Respiratory Decline in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Hypercapnia, a manifestation of early respiratory dysfunction, can be challenging to detect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Pulmonary function tests are helpful, but their specificity in detecting hypercapnia is low and their use is limited in patients with bulbar weakness. Specific symptoms, such as dyspnea at rest, dyspnea while talking, and use of medications for sleep, can be more reliable in detecting hypercapnia among ALS patients.