Infectious Disease Alert 2009-05-01

Distinguishing Lyme from Septic Arthritis in Children

Patients with lyme arthritis were more likely to have knee involvement (p < 0.001), a history of a tick bite (p = 0.02), and less likely to have a history of fever (p < 0.001) or fever ...

Beneficial Effects of Protein Synthesis-inhibiting Antibiotics in Bacterial Pneumonia

Balb/CJ mice infected with influenza virus were superinfected with an antibiotic-susceptible strain of S. pneumoniae and treated intraperitoneally with ampicillin alone, clindamycin alone, ampicillin plus clindamycin, or azithromycin.

Lumbar Puncture in HIV-infected Patients with Syphilis

Eligible subjects in this study included all patients with concurrent HIV infection and syphilis in a prospective cohort who had no neurologic symptoms at time of lumbar puncture.

Antibiotics and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

In vitro treatment of clinical isolates and isogenic strains of E. coli O157:H7 with ciprofloxacin increased the production of Stx2 (as measured by ELISA) via phage induction but did not increase the production of Stx1.

Updated Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-infected Adults and Adolescents

These guidelines were last updated for adults in 2002 and for adolescents in 2004. The document (available in pdf format through the link above) is a 209-page file containing 1,391 references which update current recommendations for the prophylaxis and treatment of HIV-related OIs.

Treatment Options for Community-acquired UTIs Caused by Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-producing E. coli

Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has emerged as an increasingly common cause of community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Updates by Carol A. Kemper, MD, FACP

Much is being written about the transmission of MRSA between animals and humans. These investigators explored this problem from another angle, examining colonization of pet therapy dogs with MRSA, VRE, and C. difficile during visits to acute and long-term care facilities.

Pharmacology Watch: FDA Warning: Pharmaceuticals in "Natural" Products

In this issue: Aspirin dose and cardioprotection; uncovering modafinil's abuse potential; proton-pump inhibitors and clopidogrel; FDA actions.

Clinical Briefs in Primary Care supplement

Infectious Disease Alert – May 1, 2009

May 1, 2009