Infectious Disease Alert – July 1, 2023

What Is the Optimal Duration of Antibiotics for a Complicated UTI with Bacteremia?

An observational study of adults hospitalized with a complicated urinary tract infection and bacteremia found seven days of therapy was enough for the majority of cases when they received antibiotics with comparable intravenous and oral bioavailability.

Mothers, Babies, and HPV: Thanks for Not Sharing!

Nearly half of pregnant women in a Canadian study had vaginal swabs positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Only about one-fourth of placentas and newborns produced by those HPV-positive women carried detectable HPV DNA, and all HPV-positive babies had cleared their positivity by 6 months of age.

Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia

A study of 91 adults with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia demonstrated increased risk of cancers and autoimmune disorders, as well as opportunistic infections.

Bird Flu: Is It Becoming a Threat to Humans?

A strain of influenza A virus that is highly pathogenic for birds is capable of infecting humans for whom it poses a potential risk as it continues to evolve and spread.

Vaccination Against Mpox Is Effective

Two-dose vaccination with Jynneos is effective in the prevention of mpox (monkeypox), but a better vaccine is desirable, particularly for use in immunocompromised individuals.

Induction Therapy for HIV/AIDS-Related Disseminated Histoplasmosis with Single High-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B

In a Phase II randomized clinical trial involving 118 participants in Brazil with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)-related disseminated histoplasmosis, induction therapy with single high-dose (10 mg/kg) liposomal amphotericin B was safe and non-inferior as compared with standard dose (3 mg/kg) liposomal amphotericin B given once daily for 14 days.

Infectious Disease Alert Updates

Head and Neck Cancer Worse in HIV; Syphilis RPR May Fluctuate Before Treatment