Infectious Disease Alert – August 1, 2024

Antibiotic De-Escalation Can Decrease the Development of Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria

A retrospective cohort study found that de-escalation of broad-spectrum beta-lactam agents in patients with sepsis significantly reduced the subsequent development of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical cultures.

Doxycycline for Onchocerciasis-Related Epilepsy?

Nodding syndrome is a form of pediatric encephalopathy with epilepsy that is associated with Onchocerca volvulus infection in children in Africa. While the pathogenesis is not known, doxycycline helps reduce severe seizures and death in children with nodding syndrome.

Beta-Lactam Antibiotics Administered via Prolonged Infusions Lead to Lower Mortality Risk Compared to Intermittent Infusions

In a systematic review and meta-analysis, the administration of beta-lactam antibiotics by prolonged infusions was associated with a significantly reduced risk of mortality at 90 days for critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock as compared with intermittent infusions.

Dengue Is Surging, Including in the Americas

Dengue is surging, and cases have been acquired in the United States, including in Puerto Rico and Florida.

Varicella Zoster Meningitis — What Is the Optimal Therapy?

The authors concluded that their results indicate a need for controlled trials comparing intravenous acyclovir to valacyclovir or to no antivirals in the management of varicella zoster meningitis without neurological complications in immunocompetent patients.

Infectious Disease Alert Updates

Pushing for STI Testing in Those at Risk; TB Screening Dismayingly Low in Those at Risk