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TIA Is Associated with Accelerated Cognitive Decline

The study investigators looked at data from a prospective study of 30,239 Black and white community-dwelling persons aged 45 years or older with cognitive evaluations over the phone every other year until 2022. The researchers documented patients who had transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke, and demonstrated that persons who had TIA had a cognitive decline trajectory similar to those patients who had a definite diagnosis of stroke.

Clinical Features of Biopsy-Proven Large-Arteriole and Microvasculitis in Peripheral Nerves

In this retrospective, an observational cohort study undertaken to characterize the clinical features of nerve vasculitis based on vessel size, large-arterial vasculitis (≥ 75 microns) in comparison to microvasculitis (< 75 microns) was demonstrated. Large arteriole vasculitis usually was a distal symmetrical polyneuropathy and associated with a systemic vasculitis illness. Microvasculitis most often presented with radiculopathy and/or plexopathy and was not associated with systemic illness.

Telemedicine for Managing Patients with Epilepsy

This retrospective study found telemedicine (TM) visits to be noninferior to in-person (IP) visits for key outpatient epilepsy care outcomes, including medication adjustment, surgery discussions, and avoiding emergency visits. TM was less effective for assessing the neurologic exam, and seizure freedom rates were inconclusive with respect to noninferiority. Although not a full replacement for IP care, TM remains an effective option since its future in healthcare delivery is being reassessed in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Medications for Women Aged 10 to 50 Years with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

After failure of first-line anti-seizure medication, women with idiopathic generalized epilepsy may receive either substitution monotherapy or add-on therapy. There were no significant differences in effectiveness or safety between substitution monotherapy and add-on therapy in this retrospective comparative study.

The Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D on Clinically Isolated Syndrome and MS

This study by Thouvenot et al evaluated the effectiveness of high-dose vitamin D treatment on clinically isolated syndrome and early multiple sclerosis as monotherapy and reported a reduced incidence of new disease activity compared to the control group.

Can Anti-Amyloid Antibody Treatment Delay the Clinical Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease?

In this open-label extension of the dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s disease gantenerumab trial (DIAN-TU), long-term continuous amyloid clearance over eight or more years in asymptomatic carriers of autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s mutations showed potential to delay symptom onset and slow progression. Shorter duration or partial clearance did not yield measurable clinical benefit, suggesting that only sustained, near-complete amyloid removal may have disease-modifying effects.

Manual Maneuvers for the Treatment of Benign Positional Vertigo

Benign positional vertigo is a challenge to treat. This clinical trial from investigators in South Korea demonstrated modest efficacy in resolving posterior canal-related vertigo with a head-shaking maneuver that is easily performed in an office setting.

Determinants of Long-Term Outcome After Concussion

This cohort study of U.S. veterans found that mild traumatic brain injuries occurring alongside psychological trauma are associated with long-term post-concussive symptoms and disability. The authors postulate that the traumatic context contributes to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, which may in turn potentiate long-term sequelae.

Stroke 2025 Is Here!

Stroke 2025: Optimizing Outcomes with Clinical Approaches provides evidence-based, cutting edge, clinical information on treating stroke and other neurological problems in a concise, accurate, and clinically relevant format. Written and edited by leading experts in the fields of neurology and emergency medicine, Stroke 2025 is an unbiased resource for any physician or nurse working in an emergency department or stroke center. Healthcare providers can earn all of the Joint Commission-required stroke credits at one time through this electronic publication.

Clinical Consequences of Alzheimer’s and Lewy Body Co-Pathologies

This large study of patients with cognitive impairment-assessed cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, positron emission tomography imaging, and cognitive tests showed that those with evidence of both Alzheimer’s and Lewy body pathologies had greater cognitive dysfunction and faster progression than those with either pathology alone.