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International Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis in Children — Putative Role of Adenovirus 41

Cases of acute hepatitis in children, tentatively ascribed to adenovirus 41 infection, while first reported from a single hospital in Alabama, are being seen internationally.

Report: Pregnancy-Related Hypertensive Disorders Doubled in 12 Years

An estimated one in five births in the United States are affected by various adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Major Traumatic Brain Injury Can Raise Dementia Risk

Patients with brain bleeding and a long hospital stay were 1.5 times more likely to develop dementia compared to those with no injury.

Stress-Related Disorders in Primary Care

More than 80% of U.S. adults can expect to experience a traumatic event during their lifetime. Traumatic events are major risk factors for the development of various chronic diseases, including mental disorders, such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, complex post-traumatic stress disorder (a newly recognized condition), substance use disorders, and chronic medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disorders, obesity, and autoimmune disorders. Implementing universal trauma-informed practice strategies and techniques can assist in addressing these situations in a timely and clinically appropriate manner.

Mortality and Days Alive Outside Institutions in Older Patients After Tracheostomy with or Without Gastrostomy Tube

Medicare beneficiaries who underwent tracheostomy and gastrostomy tube placement often remained institutionalized beyond three months, with three-, six-, and 12-month mortality greater than 40%, 50%, and 60%, respectively.

Occult Hypoxemia Is More Common in Black Patients than in White Patients About to Undergo ECMO for Respiratory Failure

In this retrospective analysis of de-identified Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry data, the prevalence of occult hypoxemia was higher in Black patients than in white patients. Hispanic and Asian patients had a similar prevalence of occult hypoxemia compared to white patients.

Surviving Sepsis: The New Guidelines

Subsequent revisions of Surviving Sepsis guidelines highlighted the need for early, appropriate antibiotics along with a new focus on initial resuscitation, stressing the importance of dynamic measurements instead of static variables to predict fluid responsiveness. The most recent 2021 revisions continue to stress the importance of these ideals, but they also place an increased emphasis on the hour-1 bundle and improving the care of sepsis patients after they are discharged from the intensive care unit.

Etafilcon A Drug-Eluting Contact Lens with Ketotifen (Acuvue Theravision with Ketotifen)

Ketotifen-eluting contact lens can be prescribed to correct refractive ametropia (myopia and hyperopia) for phakic or aphakic patients who wear suitable lens and experience ocular itch caused by allergic conjunctivitis.

Women at Higher Risk for Intracranial Aneurysm Ruptures

Women with ruptured aneurysms were older than men, were less often smokers, and more often experienced internal carotid artery aneurysms. They also tended to produce larger-sized aneurysms than men.

Men More Likely to Produce High-Risk, Dangerous Carotid Artery Plaques

Investigators found significant differences in mean total plaque volume between men and women. Men were more likely to experience intraplaque hemorrhage and produce lipid-rich necrotic cores with coexistence of calcifications. Men also were more likely to exhibit thin or ruptured fibrous caps or ulcerations in their atherosclerotic plaques.