Browse Internal Medicine Articles by Topic

Inflammation in HIV Also Is Mediated by CD8+ T-cells and Platelets

CX3CR1+ CD8+ T-cells home to vascular endothelium and are enriched in ART-treated patients with HIV. These cells may play an important role in CVD risk in HIV-infected patients.

Vancomycin Combined with Piperacillin-Tazobactam Increases the Risk for Acute Kidney Injury

A retrospective cohort study found an increased risk of acute kidney injury for patients who received vancomycin in combination with piperacillin-tazobactam compared to those who received vancomycin plus cefepime (hazard ratio = 4.27; 95% confidence interval, 2.73-6.68).

First-ever Study of Genome Sequencing in the Common Forms of Epilepsy

In the first study with genome sequencing in the common forms of epilepsy, ultra-rare genetic mutations of known epilepsy genes were over-represented in the epilepsy population, compared to controls.

EEG Reactivity Testing in Comatose Patients After Severe Brain Injury

Studies assessing EEG reactivity in comatose patients after severe brain injuries are highly variable and almost never provide replicable definitions for presence or absence of EEG reactivity, even though it is used increasingly as a prognostic measure.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Hepatitis E

Hepatitis E is the most common form of viral hepatitis worldwide and often is asymptomatic. But it is commonly associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome and Guillain-Barré variants.

Differences in Disease Duration in LBD May Be Related to Pathologic Burden

This observational study of 807 autopsy-confirmed cases of Lewy body disease used Braak neurofibrillary tangle staging, frequency of neuritic plaques, and Lewy body staging to demonstrate that those individuals who had diffuse LBD had a shorter disease duration than those with transitional LBD localized to the limbic region.

Ocrelizumab for Multiple Sclerosis

A Phase III trial of ocrelizumab in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis and two Phase III trials of ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis have demonstrated efficacy with treatment.

New Tools for the Diagnosis of CJD

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis using second-generation, real-time, quaking-induced conversion has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Troponin Highly Prognostic in Decompensated Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

SYNOPSIS: Among patients with acute decompensated heart failure and preserved ejection fraction, elevated troponin is associated with worse in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival, independent of other predictors.

NOACs in Patients Requiring Anticoagulation Post-PCI

SYNOPSIS: The PIONEER study of atrial fibrillation patients post-percutaneous coronary intervention showed that regimens of clopidogrel plus reduced-dose regimens of rivaroxaban demonstrated lower bleeding and similar rates of stroke and adverse cardiac events compared with traditional warfarin triple therapy.