Infectious Disease Topics
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Infectious Disease Updates
Is Your Hospital Bed Contaminated? The Surgical Skin Prep Debate Thickens
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Outpatient CAP Treatment in Adults: Narrower Spectrum Therapy Is Better Tolerated
Examination of a large database led to the conclusion that treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in outpatients with narrower-spectrum agents (macrolides or doxycycline) was associated with similar clinical outcomes but with a lower incidence of adverse effects when compared to broader-spectrum therapy.
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Parasites and Poverty in the South
Parasite contamination of soil remains prevalent in some areas of the southern United States.
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Aztreonam-Avibactam vs. Meropenem for Serious Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
In this multinational, prospective, Phase III, randomized trial, aztreonam-avibactam was found to be a safe and effective option, when compared to meropenem with or without colistin, for treating complicated intra-abdominal infections, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-acquired pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria.
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Effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
A study that compared nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, remdesivir, or a combination of both for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 found those who received nirmatrelvir-ritonavir monotherapy had lower mortality, reduced intensive care unit admission, and reduced need for mechanical ventilation.
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Pink Eye: Do Antibiotics Matter?
Acute infectious conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as pink eye, is common in children and is caused by bacteria more often than by viruses. Nonetheless, neither the clinical course of uncomplicated cases nor the spread of infection to peers is significantly altered by treatment with topical antibiotics or by exclusion of infected children from daycare and school settings.
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Infectious Disease Updates
ID: An Arbiter of Death? Preventing Recurrent UTI with Probiotics
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Pediatric Pneumonia, Diagnostic Uncertainty, and Communication
Community-acquired pneumonia is a common cause of hospitalization among children in resourced countries and is the leading cause of childhood death in lower-income countries. However, the diagnosis of pneumonia is fraught with uncertainty, and management practices vary widely. Clinician behaviors and attributes that engender trust in the face of diagnostic uncertainty have been documented.
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Diagnostic Uncertainty in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
A national retrospective cohort study from the Veterans Administration found a high rate of diagnostic discordance for patients admitted and discharged for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Improvement in the diagnosis of CAP is needed.
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Mucormycosis Remains Highly Lethal
Mucormycosis continues to be associated with a high mortality rate. Polymerase chain reaction may speed diagnosis and allow earlier initiation of therapy. There appears to be no evidence supporting the use of combination as opposed to single agent (liposomal amphotericin B) therapy.