Cardiology
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Are SGLT2 Inhibitors Effective for HFpEF Patients Without Diabetes?
After comparing empagliflozin vs. placebo for patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, researchers found no differences in the significant reduction of the primary outcome of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization over 36 months based on whether patients were diabetic.
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What Do You Think Happened?
You are asked to interpret the tracing in the figure without the benefit of any history. What do you think happened? How acute are these findings?
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Outcomes of COVID-19-Associated Acute Myocarditis
In a review of COVID-19-associated acute myocarditis, investigators learned it is a rare complication that can occur without concomitant pneumonia, and frequently presents as cardiogenic shock. With supportive therapy, the short-term mortality rate is low.
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Comparing CT Angiography to Invasive Angiography for Stable Chest Pain Patients
A trial of initial coronary CT angiography vs. invasive angiography revealed outcomes over a median 3.5-year follow-up were similar, but procedure-related complications were more common in the invasive group.
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Is the Canadian Syncope Risk Score Valid?
Researchers found the Canadian Syncope Risk Score accurately predicts which patients are low risk for discharge. However, since it is driven largely by the physician’s final risk classification at ED discharge, the score’s clinical utility is uncertain.
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Smoking Cessation After Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosis Could Lower Dementia Risk
A cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in South Korea revealed patients who stopped smoking after AF diagnosis were at lower risk for developing dementia than those who continued smoking.
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Researchers Suggest Checking Blood Pressure in Both Arms
After taking two readings, use the higher measurement for diagnosis. Guidelines recommend this practice, but data were lacking.
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Cardiac Xenotransplantation Could Fill the Organ Donor Gap, But Is It Ethical?
There are not enough organs for heart failure patients who need them, and cardiac xenotransplantation is one potential, albeit controversial, solution.
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Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricular Function
A study of a cardiac resynchronization therapy registry demonstrated right ventricular free wall strain by speckle tracking 2D echocardiography is more sensitive for detecting right ventricular dysfunction vs. other echo measures of right ventricular function.
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Measure Stroke Risk with Asymptomatic Severe Carotid Artery Stenosis
A community-based, retrospective, observational study of patients with asymptomatic severe carotid artery stenoses showed the crude stroke risk over five years was about 5%. Patients whose stenoses progress to high grade or start at that severity were at the highest risk for stroke.