Clinical
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Molecular Test Panel Use for Children with Possible Meningitis
In children thought to have meningitis, the use of a molecular test pathogen panel reduced the time to optimal antimicrobial use and reduced the duration of intravenous antibiotic use. However, there was no difference in the time to effective antimicrobial administration or the length of hospital stay between those with treatable pathogens who were and were not evaluated using molecular testing.
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Outbreaks of Infectious Enteritis in the United States: Norovirus Wins Again
More than 1 million people acquired enteric infections in the course of almost 40,000 outbreaks in the United States over the 11 years of this study.
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12 Months of Itraconazole Is Superior to Six Months for Preventing Relapses of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis
A randomized, controlled clinical trial from India found a significant reduction in relapses of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in patients treated with itraconazole for 12 months compared to those treated for six months. There were more adverse events in the patients treated for 12 months.
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COVID-19 Rebound
Symptomatic and virologic recrudescence after treatment of patients with COVID-19 with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) — Paxlovid rebound — occurs in a very small percentage of patients and generally is mild and self-limited.
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Paxlovid Rebound Concerns Are Overblown
A cohort of 483 high-risk patients was treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for COVID-19. Two of the patients (0.4%) required hospitalization by day 30, and four patients (0.8%) experienced a rebound of symptoms (generally mild) at median of nine days after treatment. All resolved without additional COVID-19-directed therapy.
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COVID-19: Duration of Shedding of Transmissible Virus
Patients with COVID-19 were found, by culture, to shed replication-competent virus after an initial positive polymerase chain reaction test for median durations four to five days.
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No Long-Term Differences in Outcomes with Higher vs. Lower Oxygenation Targets in Patients with Severe Hypoxemia
In this one-year follow-up to the HOT-ICU trial examining higher vs. lower oxygenation targets for patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure, there were no differences in mortality or quality of life measurements between groups.
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Is There a Role for Aspirin for the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
Based on this randomized, placebo-controlled Phase II trial, further research still is required to determine if aspirin therapy is beneficial for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome, since aspirin did not improve oxygenation index or other respiratory physiologic markers.
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Optimal Blood Pressure Targets in Different Shock States
This review will discuss the different shock states and the suggested BP targets for the different subsets of patients.
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Answering Patient Questions About COVID-19
Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine formed an educational task force to educate clinicians and answer community members’ questions about all things COVID-19. Easily referenced resources on COVID-19 are essential for healthcare professionals in speaking with patients. Easy-to-navigate, dependable, up-to-date sources of information help serve patients requiring specific and timely answers to questions. Having a “go-to” list of resources can reduce confusion about COVID-19, making vaccination updates and other conversations more productive.