EECP: Contraindications
- Cardiac catheterization within two weeks to minimize the likelihood of bleeding at the femoral puncture site.
- Arrhythmia, such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or ventricular tachycardia, might interfere with triggering the system.
- Uncontrolled congestive heart failure may result in left ventricular unloading insufficient to compensate for increased venous return during EECP.
- Aortic insufficiency where regurgitation would prevent diastolic augmentation.
- Limiting peripheral vascular disease and/or phlebitis because of increased risk of thromboembolus. Severe condition can compromise effective counterpulsation.
- Severe hypertension (less than180/110 mmhg) because EECP could produce diastolic blood pressure levels surpassing limits.
- Bleeding diathesis, warfarin therapy because cuff pressure could cause intramuscular bleeding.
- Pregnancy.
Precautions
Therapy should be terminated if any of the following events occur during the course of treatment:
- acute myocardial infarction;
- sustained arrhythmia;
- unstable anginal pattern that warrants additional therapy.
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