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2016 Was Not a Good Year for New FDA Anti-infectives
In 2016, two anti-hepatitis C virus combination drugs were approved, as were monoclonal antibodies directed at bacterial toxins (anthrax toxin and Clostridium difficile toxin B), as well as an oral cholera vaccine.
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Treatment of Early Forms of Syphilis in HIV-Infected Patients
The results of this randomized trial provide support for the CDC recommendation of treatment of early stages of syphilis in HIV-infected patients with a single intramuscular 2.4-million-unit dose of benzathine penicillin.
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A Potpourri of Global Viral Activity — It’s Always Something
Ross River virus, Sindbis virus, Kyasanur Forest disease, Lassa fever, avian influenza, MERS-CoV, and Seoul virus are among the viruses currently causing outbreaks.
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Yellow Fever Redux
Yellow fever currently is epidemic in Brazil, and there is concern of further spread.
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Antibiotic Use in Children — a Cross-national Analysis
Up to 7.5-fold differences in antibiotic use in children were seen across six developed countries in Europe, Asia, and North America. The highest rate of antibiotic use was in Korea, and the lowest was in Norway.
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Antibiotic Use in Children — a Cross-national Analysis
Up to 7.5-fold differences in antibiotic use in children were seen across six developed countries in Europe, Asia, and North America. The highest rate of antibiotic use was in Korea, and the lowest was in Norway.
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Clindamycin Improves Outcomes in Necrotizing Fasciitis Due to Group A Streptococcus
Using a murine model of necrotizing fasciitis, investigators determined that clindamycin inhibits key virulence factors of Group A Streptococcus, and should be given as soon as possible and at high doses to reach levels above MIC in affected tissues.
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Vitamin D to Prevent Acute Respiratory Infections?
Vitamin D supplementation is associated with a decreased risk of respiratory infections, especially in those who had low circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
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Pediatric Oncology
Many emergency department (ED) visits for children are driven by parental fears of serious illness, including concerns that a child may have cancer. Some presenting symptoms are high-risk and require serious inquiry, while others are less concerning and may be managed by reassurance alone. Additionally, children with established cancer diagnoses may present to the ED with complications of their cancer, an unexpected recurrence after a period of remission, or issues related to treatment. The authors review the presentations for the most common pediatric cancers and the complications associated with pediatric cancers and their treatment.
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Experts Propose Aggressive Strategy to Reduce U.S. Smoking Rates
Will a combination of higher taxes, counseling, and regulatory reform work?